Fertilizer Knowledge Hub

Types of fertilizers

Different fertilizer types serve different crop, soil, timing, and management needs.

Fertilizer varieties

The best fertilizer type depends on the crop goal and soil condition.

Fertilizers are not one single category. They differ by nutrient source, release behavior, nutrient concentration, physical form, and how they affect soil and crop response.

Understanding the major types helps farmers and students see why fertilizer selection should be tied to crop requirement, soil testing, climate, and application method.

01

Organic fertilizers build nutrition through natural materials.

Organic fertilizers are derived from plant, animal, or other natural sources. Examples include compost, manure, seaweed, worm castings, bone meal, and similar materials.

They often release nutrients slowly, improve soil structure, and support microbial activity. Their nutrient concentration is usually lower than mineral fertilizers, so timing, volume, and handling must be planned carefully.

02

Mineral fertilizers provide concentrated nutrient supply.

Mineral or inorganic fertilizers are produced from mined materials or industrial processes. They are commonly formulated with known nutrient percentages, often shown as N-P-K values.

Because they are concentrated and predictable, mineral fertilizers can quickly correct nutrient gaps. They must still be applied responsibly to avoid waste, nutrient burn, runoff, or leaching.

03

Organo-mineral fertilizers combine two strengths.

Organo-mineral fertilizers blend organic matter with mineral nutrients. The purpose is to combine the faster nutrient availability of mineral sources with the soil-conditioning value of organic matter.

These products can be useful where both immediate crop nutrition and longer-term soil improvement are priorities.

04

Specialty fertilizers are designed for targeted use.

Specialty products may include water-soluble fertilizers, controlled-release fertilizers, foliar nutrients, micronutrient blends, fertigation products, and crop-specific formulas.

They are usually selected for a defined production system, such as greenhouse production, high-value crops, drip irrigation, nursery production, or precise nutrient correction.

05

Beneficial substances can support plant performance.

Some materials are not fertilizers in the strict nutrient-supply sense, but they can improve nutrient uptake, root activity, or soil biology. These may include humic substances, fulvic acids, beneficial fungi, bacteria, and other microbial inoculants.

They should be seen as support tools, not replacements for the essential nutrient balance required by the crop.

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Source note

Educational content adapted and improved from FMPAC legacy fertilizer learning material. Original source credit: Nasir Razzaq - Expert Novice Group.